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Beauty Without Cruelty (BWC) is a British company that manufactures vegan cosmetics. The cosmetics contain no animal products and are not tested on animals. The company was founded as a charity in 1959 by Lady Muriel Dowding (1908–1993), president of the National Anti-Vivisection Society and wife of Lord Dowding (1882–1970), the former commander-in-chief of RAF Fighter Command.〔Linzey, Andrew. "Dowding, Lady Muriel," ''Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare''. Greenwood, 1998, p. 139.〕 The charity, now known as the BWC Charitable Trust, established branches in Australia, New Zealand, India, South Africa and the United States, and in 1963 Dowding set up Beauty Without Cruelty Cosmetics, which became a private company.〔Stepaniak, Joanne. ''The Vegan Sourcebook''. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2000, pp. 123–124.〕 According to Dowding, BWC pioneered the production of 100 percent vegetable soap as a luxury item.〔Muriel the Lady Dowding. "Furs and Cosmetics: Too High a Price?" in Stanley Godlovitch, Roslind Godlovitch, and John Harris (eds.). ''Animals, Men and Morals''. Victor Gollancz, 1971, p. 39.〕 The brand was introduced into the United States in 1989.〔("The History of Beauty Without Cruelty" ), Beauty Without Cruelty, accessed 2 December 2012.〕 BWC's products are parabens free, gluten free, S.L.S free, PEG free, toluene free, formaldehyde free and phthalates free. Although millions of animals are killed each as a result of animal testing of cosmetics, Beauty Without Cruelty advocates animal rights and argues that the results of animal testing are often unreliable and can not being applied to humans.〔http://www.onekind.org/live_onekind/onekind_beauty/〕 BWC focuses on vegan and "natural" products that can't chemically harm humans and do not need to be tested on animals.〔http://www.thevegetariansite.com/ethics_test.htm〕 〔http://www.thehindu.com/features/magazine/beauty-without-cruelty/article1980782.ece〕 BWC has worked to support the Humane Cosmetics Act on its mission to end cosmetic animal testing in the United States.〔https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2858〕 〔http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/cosmetic_testing/be_cruelty_free_companies.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/〕 ==History== After being founded officially in England (1963) by BWC Charitable Trust, BWC began work on its cosmetics line. BWC's goal was to create natural cosmetics that did not contain animal ingredients and had never beentested on animals. Katherine Long, a well known cosmetician and animal welfare activist, worked with Noel Gabriel to lead the organization in creating these product. Muriel Dowding offered her assistance to the organization after Long's death in 1969 to stop it from being shut down. Later in 1978, Joseph Piccioni became the managing director of BWC in Great Britain. With his business expertise and dedication to animal rights, Piccioni helped lead BWC to launch its lines in the United States in 1989. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Beauty Without Cruelty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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